Electric pulsator



6 192 Sept 7 A. B. ARNEY ELECTRIC PULSATOR Filed April 28, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 872/162 3. aC/zey Patented Sept. 6, 1927.

UNITED STATES ARRIE B. ARNEY, or MQCLURE, OHIO.

ELECTRIC PULSATOR.

Application filed April 28, 1922. Serial No. 557,147.

The invention relates to electric pulsators, and more particularly to that class having a movable armature and in which the direction and extent of movement of the armature is controlled by variations of current intensity or alternations of current direction, or both, in the armature coil or coils. The present invention seeks to provide a highly sensitive instrument so that variations in a very weal: current may be utilized to control motion and thus actuate recording, indicating or other devices. 5

The improved invention contemplates an armature comprising a number of coils connected together and so disposed relatively to a number of sets out field poles that the opposite sides of each coil'will be acted upon and produce an additive effect upon the coils or armature as a whole, and the invention consists in theconstruction and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth, illustrated in different forms in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

' In the drawings:

Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate one form of the improved pulsator adapted for use as a telegraph relay, Fig. 1 being a horizontal section on the line l-l of Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig.1.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the improved pulsator adapted for. use asa recording-instrument.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the principle'oi' the improved electric puls: tor. v

Fig.5 is a diagram illustrating the preferred manner ofwinding the armature coils when the instrumentis used asa recording or indicating device, or the like.

Figs. 6 and 7 are diagramsillustrating the armature windings and connections for telegraph relays. H j

The armature of the improved instrument comprises a plurality of relatively thin fiat coils (six in number, in the forms shown), each of which consists of many turns and which are preferably rectangular in form. The armature coils 1, 2, 3, 4 5 and 6 are arranged edge to edge, are rigidly connected and are so mounted that they are movable in a path extending lengthwise of the series and at right angles to the axis of each coil. Also, the coils are so arranged and mounted that each coil is bodily movable asa whole, that is to say, all portions of each coil are movable. through tances. V v

The. field magnet is adapted to be. energized by a constant current flowing through a coil 7 .and it is provided with a number of sets of opposed poles 8 and 9 disposed on opposite sides of the path of movement of the armature coils and forming a series of new row air gaps 10 which are spaced apartland through which the armature coils are movable. In order to produce an intense magnetic field, the width of the air gaps and the thickness of the armature coils are made as small as possible without interfering with the free movement of the coils. Preferably, as shown, there is one set of poles for each two armature coils and like poles are arranged upon the sa-me side of the path of movement or the coils. Preferably also, as indicated, the length of each airgap issub stantially equal to or slightly less than the width of one of the coils, When current is flowing through the armature coils, the lines of force of the magnetic field will act upon theside portions a of the armature coils to eliect the movement thereof. It is particularly noted that the opposite side portions or, of the coils are disposed at right angles to their direction of movement and so cut the lines of force oflthe air gaps. 7

When the improved pulsator is adapted for use as an indicating or recording instrument or the like, the armature coils are connected in series in a circuit through which variable currents may flow and alternate coils, as indicated in Fig. 5, are wound in opposite directions, so that, while current will pass in opposite directions through the substantially equal dissides a of each coil, it will pass in the same direction through the adjacent sides of any two adjacent coils, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 5. The adjacent sides of any two adjacent coils maybe termed the juncture of these coils and it will be noted that the current passes through the alternate coil junctures in opposite directions. Thus, if cur-- rent is passing through the armature, shown in Fig, 1-, in such direction that the juncture of coils 1 and 2 is attracted by one set of poles, these poles will repel the juncture between coils 2 and 3, and the juncture between coils 3 and 4 will be attracted and that between i coils 4 and 5' will be repelled by the next set oi? poles and soon, the forces acting uponfthe several coil junctures being cumulative or additive and tending to move the Fit entire armature in one direction. 'A reversal of the current will, of course, tend to move the entire armature in the opposite direction.

Preferably, as indicated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the armature coils are arranged in a circular series upon a centrally pivoted oscillating support and the pole pieces and air gaps are correspondingly arranged. The form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is adapted for use as a telegraph relay. It comprises a suitable base 11, a iield magnet comprising a core 12' upon which the coil 7 is wound and which is provided at its upper end above the coil with a series of segmental pole pieces 8. Portions 13 projecting from the lower end of the core are provided with opposed segmental pole pieces 9, which to ether with the pole pieces 8 form a series of segmental narrow air gaps 10 which are disposed in a circular series on opposite sides of the path of movement of the armature coils 1, 2, 3, l, 5, and 6. The upper and lower sides Z) of these coils'are segmental, as shown, and they are secured at their upper edges to the outer edge portion of a circular support or spider-1 1, oreferably formed of aluminum. The latter is provided with a central pivot 15 suitably mounted in a yoke 16 that is fixed to the upper end of the core 12. When adapted for use a relay an insulated armature tongue 17 is suitably mounted upon the frame 14-. and as usual is adapted to play between two adjustable contacts 18 which can be mounted on the upper end of one of the poles 9.

The arrangement of the armature and field shown in Fig. 8 is entirely similar to that shown in Fig. 2, but in this form the armature is adapted to operate a siphon recording pen 19 which is adapted to make a record of the armature current on a tape 20 which is advanced in any usual or suitable manner. In this form the armature frame is provided with an extending arm 21, having a slot 22 therein through which a pin 23 extends. The latter is adapted to be shifted in a straight line between a pair of guides 2 1 fixed to a pair of uprights on the base 26. Suitable connections are provided between the pin and the recording pen 19, and in the preferred form shown these connections comprise pantagraph levers 27 which are mounted on a fixed pivot 28 on one of the supports and are connected to the pin 23 and the siphon pen 19 shown.

The armature coils .in the form shown in Fig. 3, are wound in the manner indicated in Fig. 5, so that current will pass through alternate coil junctures in opposite directions and the arrangen'ient is such, that, when the current is flowing in one direction, three alternate coiljunctures will tend to move by attraction toward the centers of in tensity of the different magnetic fields between the several sets of pole pieces, while the three other coil j unctinies will be repelled toward the centers of the spaces between the magnetic fields. With this arrangement it should be noted that as the repelled junctures recede from the centers of magnetic intensity, the attracted junctures approach such centers to the same extent so that the force acting on the armature to move it remains constant and the armature is oscillated upon its pivot until the several coil junctures or adjacent side portions of the successive coils reach points of rest near the centers of the ditl'erent magnetic fields and the centers of spaces between them. A reversal in the armature current will of course act in a similar manner to reverse its motion and an oscillation of slightly less than sixty degrees is provided for in an instrument having six coils and three sets of field poles. Also by holding the armature yieldingly in position by means of a spring or otherwise, it can be oscillated by an armature current of varying intensity but in which the polarity is not re versed. Obviously, too, it may be adapted to indicate or record variations both of current polarity and intensity or both.

The coils of the telegraph relay shown in Figs. 1 and 2, may be wound as shown in Fig. 5, and interposed in the line circuit. Preferably, however, one or two of the coils are interposed in a local circuit, as indicated in Figs. 6 and 7 As shown in Fig. 6, the alternate coils are oppositely wound and coils 1, 2, 3, and 4 are interposed in series in a line conductor. Coils 5 and 6 are interposed in series in a local current and the direction of flow through these coils is adapted to be reversed by the relay tongue 17, and the coils 5 and 6 are so connected to the relay tongue that local current flow ing therein opposes the action of the line current. The resistance in the local circuit is so adjusted that the normal line current will hold the relay tongue in position against one or the other of its contacts but, when the line current is reversed, the local coils will assist the movement of the relay armature and tongue.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 7, as in the form shown in Fig. 6, the line circuit extends through the coils 1, 2, 3, and 4:. Coils 5 and 6 are connected in the parallel through an adjustable resistance R to the relay tongue 17, and in series respectively with a resistance R and a condenser C. lVith this arrangement local current will normally flow through the opposing coil but not through the coil But the instant the relay tongue leaves one of its contacts the condenser will be discharged through the coils 5 and 6 in such direction as to assist and accelerate the operation of the relay tongue.

Fig. 7 also indicates how the relay may kill loo

llfi

to the main line by a distant transmitter and serving to operate the relay. The dotted line arrows indicate outgoing signals which have a difi-erential? or opposing action at the coil junctures so that they will not move the armature. It is apparent that the coils of the armature may be variously Wound and different coils and groups of coilsincluded in different circuits and such that current variations in different circuits may provide different combinations of accelerating and opposing forces to act either independently or simultaneously upon the armature.

Obviously, numerous changes may be made in the details set forth without departure from the essentials of the invention as set forth in the claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an electric pulsator, a number of sets of magnetic field poles forming a series of narrow air-gaps, and a reciprocating armature having a series of thin, flat coils arranged edgewise in said air gaps and all portions of which are movable through substantially equal distance.s,'the opposite side portions of said coils extending atrightangles to their direction of movement and at right angles to the lines of force of said air gaps, and said coils being so disposed and wound that the forces attracting and repellingopposite sides of each coil will act with cumulative effect to move the armature in response to current variations in the armature circuit.

In an electric. pulsator, a reciprocating armature having a number of relatively thin flat coils arranged edge to edge, and a number of sets of magnetic field poles having opposed faces forming a series of spaced air-gaps slightly wider than the thickness of said coils'and through which the latter are movable, there being one air gap for each two-coils and the alternate side portions or junctures of the coils being arranged respectively in said air-gaps and the spaces between the same.

3.In an electricpulsator, a reciprocating armature having anumber-of relatively thin flat coils arranged edge to edge, and a number of sets of magnetic field poles having opposed faces forming a series of spaced air-gaps slightly wider than the thickness of said coils and through which the latter are movable, there being one air-gap for each two coils and the alternateside 'portions or junctures of the coils being arranged respectively in said air-gaps and the spaces between the same, and said coils being with ad acent coils oppo connected in series sitely wound.

t. In an electric pulsator, a field magnet having a number of sets of oppositepoles forming a series of alined narrow air-gaps with intermediate spaces between them, and a reciprocating armature having a number of coils arranged edgeto edge in a series extending through said air gaps and each bodily movable as a unit in a directionat right angles to its axis, the coils being so disposed and wound that the forces attracting and repelling the opposite sides of each coil act cumulatively to move the armature in response to current variations in the an mature circuit.

5.111 an electric pulsator, a number of sets of magnetic field poles forming a circular series of narrow air-gaps and a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having a plurality of thin flat coils arranged edge to? edge in a circular series and bodily movable through said air-gaps, the latter and .the coils being substantially parallel to the armature axis and said coils being so disposed and wound that the forces attracting and repelling the opposite sides of each coil act with cumulative effect to move the a mature in response to current variations in the armature circuit. I

6. In an electric pulsator', a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having a circular series of coils arranged edge to edge, a number of sets of magnetic field poles haw ing opposed faces forming a circular series of spaced air-gaps, one for each two coils and through which the latter are bodily movable, the alternate side portions or junc tures of the coils being arranged respectively in said air-gaps and the spaces between the same.

7 In an electric pulsator, a centrally ,piv-- oted oscillating armature having circular series of coils arranged edge to ed e, a number of sets of magnetic field poles having opposed, faces forming a circular series of spaced air-gaps through which the coils are bodily movable, the alternate side portions or junctures of the coils being arranged re, spectively in said air-gaps and the spaces between same, and said'coils being connected in series with adjacent coils oppositely wound.

8. In an electric pulsator, a field magnet having a number of sets of opposed poles forming a circular series of narrow air-gaps withintermediate spaces between them, and a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having 'a circular series of coils arranged edge to edge and bodily movable through said air-gaps, said coils and air-gaps being sub stantially parallel to the armature axis and said coils being so disposed and wound that the forces attracting and repelling the opposite sides of each coil act with cumulative efi'ect to move the armature in response to current variations on the armature circuit.

9. In an electric pulsator, an electromagnetic field comprising two circular series of segmental poles arranged one within the other and having opposed curved faces forming a circular series of narrow air-gaps with intermediate spaces, and a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having a series of thin, flat, segmental coils arrai'iged edge to edge in a circular series and bodily movable through said air-gaps.

10. In an electric pulsator, an electromagnetic field comprising two circular series of segmental poles arranged one within the other and having opposed curved faces forming a circular series of narrow air-gaps with intermediate spaces, and a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having a series of thin, flat, segmental coils arranged edge to edge in a circular series and bodily movable through said air-gaps, there being one set of opposed field poles for each two armature coils, and the alternate side portions of the coils being arranged respectively in said air gaps and the spaces between the same.

11. In an electric pulsator, a field magnet having a number of sets of opposed poi-es forming a circular series of narrow air-gaps with intermediate spaces between them, and a centrally pivoted oscillating arn'iature having a circular series of coils arranged edge to edge and bodily movable through said air-gaps each at right angles to its axis, there being one set of field poles for each two arn'iature coils and the latter being so disposed and wound that the forces attracting and repelling the opposite sides of each coil act with cumulative effect to oscillate the armature in response to current variations in the armature circuit 12. A relay comprising a field magnet having a number of sets of'opposed poles forming a circular series of narrow airgaps, and a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having a number of thin fiat coils arranged edge to edge in a circular series, there being one air-gap for each two coils and the alternate side portions or junctures of the coils being arranged respectively in said air-gaps and the spaces between the same.

13. A relay comprising at field magnet having a number of sets of opposed poles forming a circular series of narrow air-gaps, and a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having a number of thin fiat coils arranged edge to edge in a circular series with the alternate side portions or junctures of the coils arranged respectively in said air-gaps and the spaces between the same, certain of the armature coils being adapted to be included in a line circuit and so wound that the forces attracting and repelling the opposite sides of each of such coils act cumulatively to oscillate the armature in response to current variations in the line circuit.

l l. A relay comprising a field magnet having a number of sets of opposed poles forming a circular series narrow air-gaps, and a centrally pivoted oscillating armature having a number of thin fiat coils arranged edge to edge in a circular series with the alternate side portions or junctures of the coils arranged respectively in said air-gaps and the spaces between the same, certain of the armature coils being adapted to be included in a line circuit and so wound that the forces attracting and repelling the opposite sides of each of such coils act cumulatively to oscillate the armature in response to current variations in the line circuit, and. the remaining armature coils being adapted to be included in a local circuit and being controlled by and adapted to assist the movement of the relay armature.

15. In an electric pulsator a field having anumber of sets of opposite poles forming a series of aligned narrow air-gaps with intermediate spaces and a reciprocating armature having a number of coils arranged edge to edge and bodily movable through said air-gaps each in a direction at right angles to its axis, certain of the coils being included in one circuit and others in another circuit or circuits, said coils or groups of coils being so disposed and wound that the forces attracting and repelling the opposite sides of the coils in certain of such circuits act cumulatively and independently of the forces acting upon the coils in other of such circuits;

ARRIE B. ARNEY. 

